Below is a reconstruction of the 2024 23 CQ QRS RagChew newsletter designed to support full text searching. This reconstruction was built using OCR, and will contain errors.
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Contents
- Last Tuesday’s Net
- New Team Members
- Masthead Image
- Reports & Comments
- Comments:
- Post Morsum
- Mouse Wheel Insurance
- From Michael VK4CCW:
- From Lin VK6NT:
- Morse Training Net
- Beating White Noise
- Brain Teaser
- Answers from last week’s Quiz:
- Di-dah-di-dah-dit
- Next Tuesday’s Net
- Reports
- Teamwork
- Matching
- PSE QRS
- CW Tips


A big night on our CQQRS Net last Tuesday with at least 44 team members on or listening; conditions were interesting and varied, as you’ll read in the reports.
It was good to see a trickle of stations having a go on 80m again; the net ran for 2-1/2 years on 80m and had a very collegiate following. However, since we included 40m, our team numbers soared – over 180 now would you believe?
Boy, I’ve been thrilled by the excellent reports sent through this week – thank you to everyone who took the time to make some interesting comments. I reckon this is the good stuff that keeps our team interested and reading our newsletter.
Last Tuesday’s Net
Here’s this week’s list of the 44 stations heard:






New Team Members
Michael VK4CCW joined our team this week; Michael has taught CW in the past anc is keen to help us learn or re-learn the art. We also have Phil ZL1PB from Tauranga who joined in on Tuesday’s net with his QRP gear, and has now joined our team.
Welcome to you both and I look forward to hearing you having fun on Tuesday evenings.
After next Tuesday’s net, please send me a list of who you worked and / or who yo heard using our new web form here: bit.ly/CQQRSNET
Getting reports from stations and listeners is important to me – even if you listened and didn’t hear anyone or weren’t able to copy anything – the fact that you had a go needs to get recorded so we know that the net is working and attracting new and old team members to have a go.

Terrific that most of us are getting used to using the form, and everyone says it’s easier than a written report. Please remember though to save me re-writing, please_ don’t write comments in capital letters – when I re-write comments, the formatting gets upset – and unlike a word processor, I can’t re-format in MailChimp (short of attempting to edit the generated HTML code).
Thanks again to Nigel G4RWI for building the Google Form, the Python software back-end that does the processing, the new link and the QR code.
This week he’s added another enhancement that saves me another 10 minutes every week; virtual Eccles cakes was Jo’s reward for her patience.
Masthead Image
And continuing the nautical theme from last week’s RagChew, thanks this week to Geoff VK6HD who has just unwrapped his boat Julia from winter storage in Holland.
For our UK and German readers, listen out for Geoff when he gives his IC-705 a try from the Dutch canals. Geoff is more used to light-signal Morse Code than tones…
So he’s enjoying the practice our net provides, and is keen to join in on the Bletchley Park volunteer team’s CW activities shortly. Cheers, mb Mark Bosma VK2KI / VK6QI Beautiful South Bowning NSW mark.bosma@icloud.com non impsditi ratione cogitationis
Reports & Comments
Comments:

40m] ¢ alot of noise here for me – 9+ so only locals
[40m] ¢ Heard a station calling me but was too weak to copy full call sign ¢ Hope we meet again

[40m] + The night started off noisy but last QSO with Mait VKSAO was crystal clear! + I tried VK6RR but my son turned the sauna on and the switch mode supply ruined my chances. +
[40m] + Very quiet after 11:45 Z + Some stations very low signals + VK6QI & VK6?, barely audible
[80m] * Quiet as a mouse ! |! That’s got to be the first time you’ve called 80m from your home as quiet John! But I think I know what you mean 🙂 ]
[40m] + Started out early at 0530Z despite 40 m sounding dead + Learned to never judge a band by its noise because signals from all eastern states were encouragingly solid + The early start paid handsomely despite VK6 signals being very weak throughout + There are more lessons to be learned + Despite good strength signals both ways, some stations continue to give the bare minimum, eg RST, then sign + They want to disappear faster than a rabbit down a hole + Any comments or questions thereafter go unanswered except for a dit-dit, giving the impression nothing has been understood, and no PSE QRS or repeats are requested + Too many learning opportunities are being missed, we need to find out why these premature terminations are happening and address the issues in order to give those ops confidence to persist long enough to at least pass a couple of sentences
[80m] + At least heard something this week + Finally realised that 3.540 MHz was not the upper limit but the lower limit, + Listening within the correct sub-band made quite a difference! +
[40m] * Good CPI from VK6 , VK5 AND ZL. Closer paths for VK2 were low SIG.

IN I ¢ Interesting CONDX on 80M AGN this week, poor CPI in VK2, had to use remote VK3 SDR RX. Could CPI VK4, VK3 AND VK6 from the VK3 SDR, whereas very weak to VK2 with RST 119. Seemed to be non-reciprocal propagation paths.

10m] ¢ Lots of action, kept on seeing many stations on the waterfall display 30m] ¢ As the 40m band faded out 80m band came good from Kalbarri to Perth
[80m] + It was nice to meet Merv VK3ADX, with some good copy, in between the fading + Previously I had called CQ for a bit, so, it was good to get the call + Just before that, tonight, tennis was quite cold; a forecast of 4C overnight + I got home at around 1200z/10pm, but was in time for the one 80m QSO, with a hot cup of tea.
[ hope the tea sent nice strong CW… or did it use a paddle perhaps? Good to hear your strong signals in WA on 80m again this week Derek. I don’t recall ever hearing < VK4 on 80m when I used to live in WA.]
[40m] + Variable conditions so made use of a Kiwi SDR in VKS at times, good copy practice! Good to hear Phil ZL1PX QRP until some stronger stations moved in. + Thanks for the WhatsApp alert Mark
[80m] * Good to work Peter VK6IS as we did not manage to catch up last week. + From lan VK7TA at Latrobe
[40m] + At the beginning of the net I could only hear some weak VK6 stns + Later on sigs from VK6 were good, but the only station from the eastern states I heard was VK2ASB + I managed a short QSO with Arthur (who I used to meet up with regularly back in VK2) before he slipped away with QSB + Stan, ZL3TK was talking hot air (balloons)

[40m] * A good night + 40m much more pleasant than usual + Enjoyable chats with all contacts +
[40m] + 40 Metres was abuzz with activity but 80 Metres was quiet + The BMARC SSB net was running on 3.543MHz as usual but I suspect our QRSers weren’t fazed by the noise + Maybe some more will try 80MHZ next week +
[40m] + I took a receiver and a length of wire with me to Kalgoorlie and drove out of town to receive but not transmit + Strung the wire 3 metres from the ground and copied 4 stations on 40 metres + I could not hear VK6KRC but he assured me he would be on ait, so I am sure he was there somewhere in the noise + I will be home again in 2 weeks and will rejoin the net properly then

[Il sense the development of a home- brew QRP CW station Donald. I suspect you weren’t the only one who missed hearing Bob.]
[40m] * Only one contact tonight with Manny VK3DRQ + Manny apparently had a QSO with VK3RU just before our contact + What are the chances of that happening?
+ This book is a good read – The Victorian Internet – Tom Standage * Downloadable from here – https://archive.org/details/vdoc.pub the-victorian- internet-the-remarkable-story-of-the-telegraph-and-the-ni +
[40m] + Organic morse decoder went haywire during QSO with Stan ZL8TK, so called it a night Ah ha! Too many almond croissants Peter?)
• From me VK6QI at via the VK6SR Remote and VK6QS KiwiSDR
[40m] + At the start of the net on 40m, signals from the East were just starting to trickle through to WA ‘| was listening on the marvellous VK6QS KiwiSDR at Brookton while I workec Stan ZL3TK at Waitarere Beach from my home in VK2; both of our signals were just visible + Ditto when Stan went on to work Bob VK4EW; just marginal signals in and out of the noise in WA * I cranked up the Southern Electronics Group Remote station at Bedfordale and had a nice chat with Max VK6FN 250KM South at Manjimup * Max usually has such a good signal into Perth that I’d forgotten that he’s actually a fair distance South.
» However, this time my signal report to him was only RST 539, and his signal had a distinct flutter – a bit like you’d hear on a VHF mobile ‘station » When he reported 589, he noticed that his amplifier had dropped off line, and suddenly he was 599 as normal.
» Over the next few overs his signal was popping up and down. turned out that his remote- controlled amplifier was not happy with the mains fluctuations that were happening at the time, and the amplifier was spitting the dummy » [had a vision of Max with one hand on the key and the other pushing buttons on the remote terminal

Om] continued… * And thank you to our Melbourne Floridian Gary W4GAL / VK6GAL who told me on one of the morning chats on the WA AllStar network that unlike me, he had No trouble at all using the VFO on the VK6SR Remote.
Although I’d been using the remote for many years, and had tried turning the VFO control using the mouse with circular motion, clicking above and below the knob etc.
I had settled on using the up and down arrows on the display digits to change frequency – painfully slow. So this week I tried again… and low and behold… using the thumb-wheel on the mouse, the VFO was just so easy to control.
Thank you Gary – Old dog, new tricks… taught by another slightly older dog! + The band was opening up nicely and I next listened to Stan chatting to Mick ZLAHJ at Te Kuiti, then Richard VK6HRC at Padbury chatting to Ron VK6KHZ at Yangebup, then Wayne VK6NW up the road from Max at Bridgetown.
+ also heard lan VK7TA at Latrobe working Phil ZL1PB at Tauranga; both were coming in to WA, despite Phil’s QRP 6 Watts + After dinner I heard Maity VK5AO at Banksia Park chatting to Paul VK2IK at Moss Vale before hooking up with Lin VK6NT at the NCRG club rooms at Whiteman Park + I then chatted to Shaun VK6BEK at Quinns Rocks – who had done a temporary repair on his end-fed half wave (which had broken in a big wind gust last week); however the knot in the wire didn’t detract from Shaun’s signals which were Q5 into NSW; the Kevflex wire was on its way from Mark at TET Emtron up at Dongara + After Shaun I worked Lin while listening in to Georg VK2DLF at St Marys working Paul VK3KLE at Stawell + Ialso heard Michael VK3VMM at Ballarat coming through while Lin caught up with David VK6KD/P up at Kalbarri + I then caught David but conditions were changing and we both suddenly faded from Q5 to Q2 both ways
[80m] + I’m pleased to report that there were a few more stations on 80m than recent times. It wasn’t like before we changed to 40m and 80m, when there would be dozens on air on 80 but it was still good to hear some late-night activity + I listened to Paul VK2IK at Moss Vale chatting to Merv VK3ADX at Ballarat, before I hooked up with Richard VK6HRC at Padbury * While chatting to Richard, I saw Derek VK4DRK at Toowoomba coming through nicely into WA, but I then went on to have another QSO with David VK6KD/P at beautiful Kalbarri; David was using a 6 foot helical whip on his vehicle, and was doing a good job over the 600KM path + After finishing up with David, I gave Paul VK2IK a call – no luck – although Paul was a solid RST 579 to me in WA, I was unreadable going the other direction + So I called him from V2 instead and during our nice chat, both signals peaked over S9 into WA
• Awhile later I listened to lan VK7TA at Latrobe working Phil ZL1PB at Tauranga; lan’s signal had a distinct echo on it to me in NSW + I then worked Phil, who was operating QRP with 6 Watts into a 40 foot vertical with lots of radials * The next morning, Phil joined our team, so hopefully we’ll hear more from him in the future.

• + After taking a break for dinner, I tuned into Manny VK3DR@Q at Blackburn chatting to David VK3RU at Burwood and I listened to Shaun VK6BEK at Quinns Rocks working me VK6QI (using the VK6SR Remote South of Perth); Shaun’s end fed half wave wire was putting in a nice RST 639 signal to here, whereas my own signal was only a surprising 419 from the big Marconi-Tee antenna on the Remote + To wind up my ops on 40m, I had a nice chat to Lin VK6NT who was operating again from the Northern Corridor Radio Group’s club facility at Whiteman Park
[80m] + Things were pretty quiet in NSW when I finally slipped down to 80m at 1216Z… late as usual, after having too much fun on 40m + I did hear Derek VKADRK up at Toowoomba calling CQ, but I was tied-up chatting on the VK6 Remote, so I missed him + Later I worked Paul VK2IK 150KM away at Moss Vale – nice signal.
[40m] + I moved my gear inside for a warmer environment but later realised my 706 was set to low power which made it a little difficult to get out effectively + My antenna does not suit 80M +
From Greg VK5KFG at XXXXXX: © Worked VK3MJ, Mark in Geelong, and VK2DLF; George in Sydney, on 40 metres and VK4IAN on 80 metres on Tuesday night.
• + After taking a break for dinner, I tuned into Manny VK3DR@Q at Blackburn chatting to David VK3RU at Burwood and I listened to Shaun VK6BEK at Quinns Rocks working me VK6QI (using the VK6SR Remote South of Perth); Shaun’s end fed half wave wire was putting in a nice RST 639 signal to here, whereas my own signal was only a surprising 419 from the big Marconi-Tee antenna on the Remote + To wind up my ops on 40m, I had a nice chat to Lin VK6NT who was operating again from the Northern Corridor Radio Group’s club facility at Whiteman Park
[80m] + Things were pretty quiet in NSW when I finally slipped down to 80m at 1216Z… late as usual, after having too much fun on 40m + I did hear Derek VKADRK up at Toowoomba calling CQ, but I was tied-up chatting on the VK6 Remote, so I missed him + Later I worked Paul VK2IK 150KM away at Moss Vale – nice signal.
Conclusion: ¢ Well all in all, another quieter night than we experienced in recent months, but still great fun ¢ Whenever I listened on 40m or 80m, before long there were stations on either chatting or calling CQ; great to see interest in 80m growing again.
¢ And from the looks of the reports, there were plenty of stations on or listening on Tuesday – thank you all for the fun
Post Morsum
Fost Morsum Richard VK6HRC Hello Mark, Assmall group on VK6RLM / AllStar links this morning as you know. Missing in action : Young Stan ZL3TK probably having morning tea and David VK6KD on the move Kalbarri way.
On this morning : * VK6FN Max * VK6KRC Bob * VK6QI = Mark * VK6HRC Richard * and our shortwave listeners. Max reported having problems with the mains power supply causing his linear to shut down but kept going barefoot at times.
Mark gave us a quick report on stations he worked and band conditions. I’m looking forward to the next RagChew already ! Stay safe 73 Richard. [Thank again for running the small net this morning Richard.
Stan ZL3TK had a good excuse – I received a note from his mother. And good job reminding us who to pass the QSO to on each round – some of us get it wrong unless reminded! Re RagChew… yes, me too!
And a reminder for everyone – you’re most welcome to join in on our Post Morsum or Wednesday mornings at 0600 WA time, 0730 SA, 0800 Eastern, 1000 NZ, 2300 Tuesday UK time and 2200Z in the UK.
For people not able to use AllStar to connect to Node 51077, you can use Echolink from your (non-Mac) computer or phone to connect to *VK6-HUB” or VK6RMH-L.]
Mouse Wheel Insurance
COLES CH Lh) by Stan ZL3TK Does anyone know of an insurance company willing to provide early-failure cover for mouse wheels? No, no, no… not the wheels found on rodent transport vehicles…
Mouse wheels; you know, the ones operated by finger movements to scroll computer images up and down. Maybe an idea to start asking around because if the RagChew newsletter gets much longer, you might be needing mouse wheel insurance quite soon!
We were et off lightly with Edition 16/2024; it took only 15.5 revolutions top-to- bottom… slightly down on December 2023 which took 17, and well down on a massive issue in mid-January which gobbled up 21 full revolutions! [To quote the popular vernacular…
I think Stan is taking the piss out of the editor! Thanks mate – Hil]
From Michael VK4CCW:
Thanks for the update. I use CW every day and I’m not surprised that others hear me on there either. I used to play a big role in teaching anyone that wants to learn CW. Hopefully soon I can start teaching again on 80 meters once the new antenna is up.
Currently I’m also using a program called VBAND and it allows anyone to use a key over the internet either Straight key, Paddle or Bug etc and although it’s not quite as.
Much fun as HF, it’s great for times when the bands are quiet and for those that wish to learn but are too frightened to get on air.
The people on VBAND are very nice to work with, no one judges you, and although I do QRQ CW I also help these slower guys learn or come back to this mode. Anyway if I get time when the net is running I’ll try and get on it.
QRS CW doesn’t bother me, speed is not the key clarity is. Thanks for letting me know I’m being heard. 73 Michael vKaccW [Thanks Michael and welcome to our team.
There are a number of our group that use VBand – and they all report the same thing – a friendly and un-judging mob; that’s exactly what I’ve been trying to create on air as well – somewhere where both new operators and rusty old ones can fee!
Comfortable to learn or re-learn, make mistakes and just have fun enjoying the company of a great group of mates.]
From Lin VK6NT:

Biggest Congratulations to Mr Morse (Richard VK6PZT) for passing the advanced license exam! Good on you mate! Can’t wait to hear your two letter call on air. Cheers de VK6NT Lin
Further to my recent RagChew article about the telegraph station at Porthcurno (on the UK end of the undersea cable to Australia), I’ve spotted this webpage https://Awww.otva.com/blog/category/stories/cottesloe-cable-station/

The article describes the splendid building at the Australian end at Cottesloe WA and what it was like to work there. I hope your readers will find that an interesting bookend to the article itself.
I’m on my travels again next week and I hope to return with sufficient material for another RagChew article (| shall keep you in suspense as to what it’ll be about). Best wishes Ross MONNK [Thanks Ross; as Fowler in Chicken Run might say…
I look forward to your next article with an-ticip-ation. We missed you on the Post Morsum this week.]
Hi Mark. Thank you for introducing me to almond croissants. Was very nice. Cheers Peter VK7KPC.

[In case you’re wondering…. Peter was the winner of our “which aurora is not Aurora Australia” competition a few issues back… and his prize was a virtual almond croissant… very similar to the ones I’ve been sending Nigel G4RWI for his software work.
Coming up… the virtual Madeleines event… Medical authorities warn that eating too many French pastries is a health hazard (nb red wine in moderation may reduce cholesterol uptake).]

VK6ST: Here’s a handy hint to save earth cable. Should work for mobile installations too ? & VK6POP: Excellent for those living in high-rise (e.g. above ground). VK6ZFG: A water drip feed would keep the soil moist and improve the earthing.
VK6TU: I think it might be a artificial ground 🙂 VK6NAD: Is it a floating ground? Maybe it is the internals of one of these?

Spooks And Security CW Traffic Net – Focusing on Encryption
From Stan ZL3TK The SAS Net is keen to provide opportunities for adventurous VK operators, especially since many nascent CQ QRS Group members are showing such promise.
Httpsi/qs!.net/z/3tk/sas/sas.htm The first step is to move the net time from 0600Z to 1000Z on Thursdays, starting 13 June.
Those across the red continent still young enough to be gainfully employed may then participate, even those who enjoy the splendid good fortune of residing in WA! The SAS Net frequency is 7.0674 MHz.
In the event of QRM, the net may move 1 kHz down, with the same codicil repeated until a clear channel is found: ie 7.0664 MHZ, 7.0654 MHz, etc. 73 de Stan ZL3TK
Saturday June 16TH and Sunday morning June 17TH is the monthly SKCC Slow CW Saunter for the Oceania area. Details in next week’s RagChew.
In the mean time, register for your SKCC number to exchange so you’ll be ready for optional member number exchanges hittps://www.skccgroup.com/

• THE WITHDRAWAL WAS COMPLETED TODAY 1940 OF MORE THAN 330 THOUSAND BRITISH TROOPS FROM BEACHES AT DUNKIRK. Sent to: VK3CGB VK4RT * THE BROTHERS MONTGOLFIER DEMONSTRATED TODAY 1783 AT ANNONAY IN FRANCE THEIR UNMANNED HOT AIR BALLOON RISEN TO. 1500 MIN HEIGHT.
Sent to: VK2KI_ VK7TA. * ONLY 72 OUT OF 248 SURVIVE WRECK OF DUTCH EAST INDIA SHIP BATAVIA TODAY 1629 ON MORNING REEF WESTERN AUSTRALIA.
Sent to: VKSEW VK6NT + FIRST TRANSCONTINENTAL EXPRESS TRAIN ARRIVED TODAY 1876 IN SAN FRANSISCO FROM NEW YORK CITY IN 83 HOURS 39 MINUTES. Sent to: ZL1HJ VK6XC [Thanks Stan…. I can see all the head-copiers who, like me had to scramble to find pen and paper]
Morse Training Net
Nic VK7WW runs a Slow Morse training net every Wednesday at 7pm EDST on 3580 for 30 mins. He uses the callsign of the Northern Tasmania Amateur Radio Club VK7TAZ on that net.
Many of our team learned Morse code with the support of Nic, and the weekly training session comes highly recommended for anyone who wants to learn the Code, or simply brush up. Everyone’s welcome – 3580KHZ at 7pm Eastern time every Wednesday.
The NTARC also feeds the CW live via the Discord phone / computer audio stream, and previous weeks’ recordings are available. Contact Nic VK7WW for more info nicholaschantler@hotmail.com – or just join in on Wednesdays.
Beating White Noise
Ss — By Arthur Bowman VK2ASB On Saturday the 18TH of May St George Amateur Radio Club ran a QRS contest and since I need sending practice, I joined in but the bands were noisy and I only heard one operator. Only one station on air, what’s going on?
There were many enthusiastic ops the other day, why are there none today? The answer is undoubtedly the noise level of SOs.
This is called “white noise” or hash and it comes from various sources, one of which is the Sun and there is little you can do about that so live with it. Other sources include Plasma TV sets etc.
It is called “white noise” because, like the colour white, it contains all the frequencies of the spectrum. A good exercise for Fourier analysis, if you have the time and inclination. A very high noise level can be off-putting for the novice.
However, help is at hand, help which has sat in plain sight among the knobs, switches and buttons on the front panel your shiny new Amateur radio gear.
Modern communication receivers have a control called RF-GAIN which sits quietly on the front panel and when you brought home your shiny new tig the first thing you did was turn the RF-GAIN to max to get the strongest signal possible.
Then you concentrated on the bells and whistles you paid for. The RF-GAIN has several specific functions, one of which is to make communication possible under noisy conditions.
The RF-GAIN is not a panacea for high noise levels but in most cases it will make impossible communication possible. It might not be armchair copy but many otherwise impossible signals will be readable. The trick is simple — back off the RF-GAIN.
Backing off the RF-GAIN will affect the receiver in various ways but mostly it reduces the receiver’s overall sensitivity. The first thing you will notice when you back off the RF-GAIN is it will affect the S meter and give a “false” S reading.
This happens so you just have to guess at the S level of incoming signals, but you will soon become proficient at this. ‘Some of the old-timers will tell you that they didn’t have this trouble in the “old days” when they built their own gear but what they won’t think to tell you is: if their receiver had a sensitivity of one or two micro volts they were doing well.
Now if the sensitivity of your receiver is higher than 0.15, it is a poor receiver. With the added sensitivity comes more white noise. Backing off the RF-GAIN quietens the white noise and lets the signals through.
Just to check if I know what I am talking about, do this little test for yourself: * Tune to WWVH which is the Co-ordinated Universal Time Hawaii on 5.0 MHz. * Ifyour QTH is anything like mine, the noise will be S9+.
* Now slowly back off the RF-GAIN control and suddenly you will hear WWVH clearly. Just be sure to do this at night about two or three hours after sunset or even later if you are a night-owl.
Now you can reset your digital UTC clock and use the time used by astronauts etc and have contacts with stations you would otherwise not hear. 73 Arthur

[Thanks Arthur – a very good reminder for those using modern receivers good front- ends and effective AGC. Some receivers may use a front-end attenuator or a so- called Advanced Intercept Point (which actually means the front end preamp is turned off) as well.
I also found that installing a narrow CW filter in my Yaesu FT-817 made an astonishing difference to the switch mode power supply hash here – from S9+ to nothing!
I’ll also be summarising previously published information about phasing noise cancellers soon – all sorts of things that can deal with the problem. Thanks again Arthur]
I’m keen to publish more articles like this – so if you’d like to contribute, please let me know so we can share more thoughts and ideas; email to cqqrsnet@gmail.com

Brain Teaser

• 400 picoFarads ¢ 800 picoFarads ¢ 200 picoFarads ¢ 3200 picoFarads
Severe static is harming reception. The appropriate “Q” code to use would be? (a) QRM (b) QRN (c) QSB (d) QRO Answers next week.
And by the way, if you know someone who might be interest in joining the Amateur Radio journey – there’s a new free Foundation-level training guide here: https://vkradioamateurs.org/flsg/
Answers next week. And by the way, if you know someone who might be interested in joining the Amateur Radio journey – there’s a new free Foundation-level training guide here: https://vkradioamateurs.org/flsg/

Answers from last week’s Quiz:
Wavelength is calculated by dividing 300 by the frequency in MHz. ? = 300/ frequency in MHz. What is the wavelength of a 28MHZ signal? Answer: 10 Metres This carbon filament resistor may be described as:
220K ohms 5% 22K ohms 5% 220K ohms 10% 56 ohms 5%

When comparing series and switching voltage regulators, the major disadvantage the series regulator is its * higher power dissipation * difficulty in adjustment * lower power dissipation * instability Answer: higher power dissipation Severe static is harming reception.
The appropriate “Q” code to use would be? (a) QRM (b) QRN (9 QsB (@) QRO ‘Answer:(b) QRN An unqualified person may transmit from an amateur radio station provided that: (@) The person owns the equipment (b) Only Morse code is used
• higher power dissipation ¢ difficulty in adjustment ¢ lower power dissipation ¢ instability Answer: higher power dissipation
Oeévere Static IS Ni (a) QRM (b) QRN (c) QSB (d) QRO Answer:(b) QRN
Di-dah-di-dah-dit
So back to the Slow CW QSO practice net.
Next Tuesday’s Net
Our CQ QRS Net will be on as always on Tuesday from around 0700Z until about 1300Z; see below for details. Doesn’t matter whether you’re brand new and want to try just exchanging callsigns and RST reports, or you’re ready for a good old rag chew.
Reports
Please let me know via our Reports form bit.ly/CQQRSNET who you work or hear o Tuesday’s net…. even if you heard no-one, please let me know you were listening.
Richard VK6HRC will run our Post Morsum on the South West AllStar net (via repeaters and hotspots all over WA) from 0600 WA time. If you’re in WA, all you need is an FM 2m or 70CM transceiver and an AllStar node nearby.
If you’re elsewhere in the world, you may be able to connect your local AllStar-enabled repeater to the net, or you can connect via Echolink. Let me know (cqqrsnet@gmail.com) if I can help with that.
Teamwork
Thank you so much to our team of 38 contributors: G4RWI, VK2AOE, VK2ASB, VK2EBN, VK2EBN, VK2GAS, VK2GAZ, VK2IK, VK2RU, VK3DRQ, VK3FG, VK3JFP, VK3RU, VK4CCW, VK4DRK, VK5AO, VK5ET, VKSKFG, VK6BEK, VK6DEV, VK6FN, VK6HRC, VK6JDM, VK6KD, VK6MU, VK6NAD, VK6NT, VK6POP, VK6PZT, VK6RR, VK6ST, VK6TU, VK6WE, VK6ZFG, VK7KPC, VK7TA, MONNK, ZL3TK.
Thank you team. GU CW on Tuesday, mb Mark Bosma VK2KI / VK6QI Beautiful South Bowning NSW mark.bosma@icloud.com non impediti ratione cogitationis

An Ode to CW – thanks to David VK3RU: In days of old, when ops were bold, And sideband was not invented, Words were passed by pounding brass, And all were quite contented. – Unknown author

Matching
PSE QRS




CW Tips
